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Psicodelicos. ¿Drogas ilegales que te «comen el cerebro»?

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Psicodelicos. ¿Drogas ilegales que te «comen el cerebro»?

Todavía escuchamos hablar de los psicodélicos (o enteógenos) como si se tratara de sustancias altamente peligrosas y tóxicas. Y es que durante décadas fueron prohibidos y/o demonizados a través de un férreo adoctrinamiento de la sociedad. Lo cierto es que en los últimos años los datos científicos apuntan a su poderoso valor terapéutico.

Las razones por las cuales se ilegalizaron en su momento, nunca fueron claras ni fueron bien argumentadas. Muy probablemente influyeron intereses políticos y económicos de la época.  Pero una vez habiéndose rebajado las restricciones legales para su investigación a finales de los 90, se han podido retomar los estudios y tener más información.

Actualmente crecen los estudios que corroboran que los psicodélicos tienen un papel facilitador del tratamiento psicológico para múltiples dolencias (trastornos de estrés postraumático, duelos complicados, adicciones, ansiedad o depresión entre otros). Todo parece preludiar una etapa en la que los psicodélicos lleguen a reconocerse como medicinas y pueda regularse su uso para asegurarnos de que colaboran en la salud de la ciudadanía. Tanto es así que un psicodélico como la psilocibina (hongos psilocibe o setas) y bajo la preocupación de importantes farmacéuticas, se está presentando como un gran candidato para sustituir los actuales antidepresivos. Y es que a diferencia de estos, no provocan adicción, son eficaces en menos tiempo y no conlleva efectos secundarios.

¿Son drogas? Si. Entrarían en la definición de droga así cómo lo es cualquier sustancia que altere de algún modo el funcionamiento del cerebro, desde un un café, pasando por un ibuprofeno hasta el alcohol o la heroína. El propio término no incluye que sea dañino para la salud.

¿Entonces son sustancias dañinas para el organismo? No. Es cierto que por precaución lógica, está contraindicado su uso en personas con trastornos de tipo esquizofrénico o enfermedad física. Pero si se utilizan correctamente los psicodélicos no son tóxicos. Más bien demuestran ser beneficiosos para apoyar la salud psicológica y física.

¿Cómo funcionan?

Los psicodélicos incluyen una variada familia de sustancias psicoactivas que agudizan la capacidad introspectiva. Eliminan filtros perceptivos que en un estado ordinario de consciencia solemos tener y al disiparse, accedemos a una percepción distinta de las cosas. Es lo que se ha llamado “Estado Expandido de Consciencia”. Este estado permite una mirada más amplia de uno mismo y de su vida, con la posibilidad de hallar las comprensiones y soluciones que en determinado momento se esté necesitando.

Es lógico que todavía encontremos personas con información sesgada, desactualizada. Personas apegadas a la creencia de que los psicodélicos son dañinos. Aunque los descubrimientos sean cada vez más claros el ritmo de integración de la nueva información en la sociedad y en la cultura tienen su tiempo. Considero que es cuestión de pocos años que comencemos a comprender y a vivir en sintonía con esta nueva idea de que son una herramienta medicinal en la cual nos podemos apoyar para determinadas necesidades psicológicas de nuestra vida.

Creo importante subrayar que su consumo debe ser responsable y enfocado. Deben acompañarse siempre con psicoterapia o apoyo experto que ayude a integrar las vivencias que se tienen. Así que no es un tratamiento adecuado para todo el mundo y debe realizarse con plena consciencia de lo que se está haciendo.

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